The Evolution of Lungs
What are they?
The lungs are internal organs that absorb oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide. They have a large surface area to absorb as much oxygen as possible

 

What species have them?

All of the mammals, reptiles and amphibians alive today absorb oxygen through their lungs, including water-dwelling mammals such as whales and dolphins. Their lungs are homologous organs (they evolved from a common ancestor) and are evidence that we are all related.
There are also 6 species of lungfish, in Australia, South America and Africa. As their name suggests, they all have lungs that can absorb air from water with low levels of oxygen.

Evolution of lungs

A few species of fish were the first creatures to evolve lungs.
Arapaima, from the Amazon River, is an example of a fish that evolved a lung-like gas bladder to supplement the oxygen from its gills.
About 375 million years ago, land-living animals began to evolve from a species of lobe-finned fish. All animals with lungs share this common ancestor. This species is now extinct, but the living lungfish are close relatives.
To live on land, the early tetrapods, 4-legged creatures, had to be able to breathe air through their lungs, and they also needed a rib cage to prevent the lungs from being crushed.
The lungs of some species have evolved so that they can take in greater quantities of oxygen in shorter periods of time. Mammals, including humans, have very efficient lungs.
However, the basic structure is the same as in the bodies of all the other tetrapods.

Alternatives to lungs

Before some fish evolved into tetrapods, and crawled out onto land, most fish absorbed oxygen through their gills.
Gills have the same role as lungs but they are found on the surface of a fish’s body and they absorb oxygen from water taken into the fish's mouth.

         My Goal for improvement is to increase my cardiovascular endurance because endurance is the most useful because I will be able to run for long distances.
The way to measure this is to record how fast I take to cover a certain distance or how far I can run in a certain amount of time. Also the bleep test will help improve and measure my endurance when I am in school.
My app is called Endomondo, it gives me challenges, routes and events to take part in as well as training for me every day.

Hi Mom and Dad!
This is my interim report for the Human Kinetics Coop.

So far, the highlights for me have been all the field trips we have gone on so far. especilly the grause grind.


I am the most proud of my new gained knowledge of the heart and of the diffrent types of exercise


The most interesting things I have learned about is the heart


An example of when I really pushed myself in SuperFit is when I was in the weight room and beat my personal best on the aliptical


I could make improvements in my bleep test score. I would like to pass level 9.


I am really looking forward to learning about the immune system and how to build muscles. 


The Basics - WORK HABITS:

Attendance (classes missed and why) -2 classes because I was sick

Participation in field trips (woo kim, grouse grind, rock climbing) - I participated in every event and worked very hard.

Lates (how many & reasons) -none 

Preparedness for class (gym strip &/or supplies) - I am always ready for class with my books and my gym strip

Class time management (are you using your class time to complete your work?  engaged in class discussion? participating? following along? doing your best? or talking too much? ) - I am always working and try to finish as much work as possible in class.

Blog assignment completion - (out of 8 assignments) Comments? I still do not know how to post videos

Self evaluation of work habits for each class in coop - G/S/N; G

Biology 12:
Exercise Science 12:
Super Fit 12:

Fitness testing

Splits distance off ground 25cm
Back Bridge 0cm (yeah!!!!)BEST FLEXIBILITY TEST
Long Jump 140 cm BEST POWER TEST
Stairs time speed 6.66 seconds
Box Drill 12.75 seconds BEST AGILITY TEST
Plank 1min and 35 seconds(personal best)
Side Plank 1min and 25 seconds
Bench steps 160 heart rate BEST ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS TEST
Constant Push Ups 20 push ups BEST AEROBIC TEST
Balance On One Foot balanced the full two minuets
Crunches 45 seconds
50 Meter Sprint 7.5 seconds ATP-CP TEST
Wall Sits 1min 5seconds

GROUSE GRIND!!!!!

       Today I went on the grouse grind! I have only done it once before when I was around 13 or so. I slowly went up the mountain but with a steady pace. Everyone was way ahead of me that I could not even see them. I was worried that I would not make the 45 min half way dead line. But a made it in time and I reached the top. It is strange because when it comes to hiking most people have energy at the beginning and around the end they are tired but not me. I get very tired at the beginning but at the end I am basically racing up the hill. It must be a "runners high " thing. By the way this is a photo from google not my camera.

          Yesterday during fitness we had a choice between the community run or weight room. I always liked the weight room so I went up there and went on the elliptical for exactly 45 min on resistance 18. I was very sweaty at the end and then I worked on my splits, which is improving. When I learn how to download pitchers from my camera I will post my progress with my splits.

Observations and questions

Observation1 ,   The heart was about the size of two fists and was a dark purple with two small white flaps on the top. The pulmonary trunk was a large pinkish tube that was at the top in the middle. Yet the aorta was a whitish flap that was on top of the heart to the right. It was heavier than expected, around a pound.

Observation 2 ,   The left ventricle had a thicker wall then the right. The chordate tendinae looked like spiderwebs and the valves looked like three small flaps that were on the sides of the atrium. 

Questions: 1.   The most surprising thing about the real heart was how different it looked then from the diagrams that I am used to seeing. But with basic understanding I managed alright.

2,       The ventricle were the large parts of the heart that pump the blood to were it needs to be. The atria were two flaps that fill with blood when the heart beats.

3,      The left ventricle is stronger then the right because it pumps the blood to the rest of the body and not the lungs.

4,     The heart valves keep the blood flowing one way and to stop it from flowing the wrong way.